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1   ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2   // checkstyle: Checks Java source code and other text files for adherence to a set of rules.
3   // Copyright (C) 2001-2025 the original author or authors.
4   //
5   // This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6   // modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
7   // License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
8   // version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9   //
10  // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
13  // Lesser General Public License for more details.
14  //
15  // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16  // License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
17  // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
18  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
19  
20  package com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.blocks;
21  
22  import java.util.Arrays;
23  import java.util.Locale;
24  import java.util.Optional;
25  
26  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.StatelessCheck;
27  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.AbstractCheck;
28  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.DetailAST;
29  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.TokenTypes;
30  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.CommonUtil;
31  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.TokenUtil;
32  
33  /**
34   * <div>
35   * Checks the placement of right curly braces (<code>'}'</code>) for code blocks. This check
36   * supports if-else, try-catch-finally blocks, switch statements, switch cases, while-loops,
37   *  for-loops, method definitions, class definitions, constructor definitions,
38   * instance, static initialization blocks, annotation definitions and enum definitions.
39   * For right curly brace of expression blocks of arrays, lambdas and class instances
40   * please follow issue
41   * <a href="https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/5945">#5945</a>.
42   * For right curly brace of enum constant please follow issue
43   * <a href="https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/7519">#7519</a>.
44   * </div>
45   *
46   * @since 3.0
47   */
48  @StatelessCheck
49  public class RightCurlyCheck extends AbstractCheck {
50  
51      /**
52       * A key is pointing to the warning message text in "messages.properties"
53       * file.
54       */
55      public static final String MSG_KEY_LINE_BREAK_BEFORE = "line.break.before";
56  
57      /**
58       * A key is pointing to the warning message text in "messages.properties"
59       * file.
60       */
61      public static final String MSG_KEY_LINE_ALONE = "line.alone";
62  
63      /**
64       * A key is pointing to the warning message text in "messages.properties"
65       * file.
66       */
67      public static final String MSG_KEY_LINE_SAME = "line.same";
68  
69      /**
70       * Specify the policy on placement of a right curly brace (<code>'}'</code>).
71       */
72      private RightCurlyOption option = RightCurlyOption.SAME;
73  
74      /**
75       * Setter to specify the policy on placement of a right curly brace (<code>'}'</code>).
76       *
77       * @param optionStr string to decode option from
78       * @throws IllegalArgumentException if unable to decode
79       * @since 3.0
80       */
81      public void setOption(String optionStr) {
82          option = RightCurlyOption.valueOf(optionStr.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
83      }
84  
85      @Override
86      public int[] getDefaultTokens() {
87          return new int[] {
88              TokenTypes.LITERAL_TRY,
89              TokenTypes.LITERAL_CATCH,
90              TokenTypes.LITERAL_FINALLY,
91              TokenTypes.LITERAL_IF,
92              TokenTypes.LITERAL_ELSE,
93          };
94      }
95  
96      @Override
97      public int[] getAcceptableTokens() {
98          return new int[] {
99              TokenTypes.LITERAL_TRY,
100             TokenTypes.LITERAL_CATCH,
101             TokenTypes.LITERAL_FINALLY,
102             TokenTypes.LITERAL_IF,
103             TokenTypes.LITERAL_ELSE,
104             TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF,
105             TokenTypes.METHOD_DEF,
106             TokenTypes.CTOR_DEF,
107             TokenTypes.LITERAL_FOR,
108             TokenTypes.LITERAL_WHILE,
109             TokenTypes.LITERAL_DO,
110             TokenTypes.STATIC_INIT,
111             TokenTypes.INSTANCE_INIT,
112             TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_DEF,
113             TokenTypes.ENUM_DEF,
114             TokenTypes.INTERFACE_DEF,
115             TokenTypes.RECORD_DEF,
116             TokenTypes.COMPACT_CTOR_DEF,
117             TokenTypes.LITERAL_SWITCH,
118             TokenTypes.LITERAL_CASE,
119         };
120     }
121 
122     @Override
123     public int[] getRequiredTokens() {
124         return CommonUtil.EMPTY_INT_ARRAY;
125     }
126 
127     @Override
128     public void visitToken(DetailAST ast) {
129         final Details details = Details.getDetails(ast);
130         final DetailAST rcurly = details.rcurly();
131 
132         if (rcurly != null) {
133             final String violation = validate(details);
134             if (!violation.isEmpty()) {
135                 log(rcurly, violation, "}", rcurly.getColumnNo() + 1);
136             }
137         }
138     }
139 
140     /**
141      * Does general validation.
142      *
143      * @param details for validation.
144      * @return violation message or empty string
145      *     if there was no violation during validation.
146      */
147     private String validate(Details details) {
148         String violation = "";
149         if (shouldHaveLineBreakBefore(option, details)) {
150             violation = MSG_KEY_LINE_BREAK_BEFORE;
151         }
152         else if (shouldBeOnSameLine(option, details)) {
153             violation = MSG_KEY_LINE_SAME;
154         }
155         else if (shouldBeAloneOnLine(option, details, getLine(details.rcurly.getLineNo() - 1))) {
156             violation = MSG_KEY_LINE_ALONE;
157         }
158         return violation;
159     }
160 
161     /**
162      * Checks whether a right curly should have a line break before.
163      *
164      * @param bracePolicy option for placing the right curly brace.
165      * @param details details for validation.
166      * @return true if a right curly should have a line break before.
167      */
168     private static boolean shouldHaveLineBreakBefore(RightCurlyOption bracePolicy,
169                                                      Details details) {
170         return bracePolicy == RightCurlyOption.SAME
171                 && !hasLineBreakBefore(details.rcurly())
172                 && !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(details.lcurly(), details.rcurly());
173     }
174 
175     /**
176      * Checks that a right curly should be on the same line as the next statement.
177      *
178      * @param bracePolicy option for placing the right curly brace
179      * @param details Details for validation
180      * @return true if a right curly should be alone on a line.
181      */
182     private static boolean shouldBeOnSameLine(RightCurlyOption bracePolicy, Details details) {
183         return bracePolicy == RightCurlyOption.SAME
184                 && !details.shouldCheckLastRcurly()
185                 && !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(details.rcurly(), details.nextToken());
186     }
187 
188     /**
189      * Checks that a right curly should be alone on a line.
190      *
191      * @param bracePolicy option for placing the right curly brace
192      * @param details Details for validation
193      * @param targetSrcLine A string with contents of rcurly's line
194      * @return true if a right curly should be alone on a line.
195      */
196     private static boolean shouldBeAloneOnLine(RightCurlyOption bracePolicy,
197                                                Details details,
198                                                String targetSrcLine) {
199         return bracePolicy == RightCurlyOption.ALONE
200                     && shouldBeAloneOnLineWithAloneOption(details, targetSrcLine)
201                 || (bracePolicy == RightCurlyOption.ALONE_OR_SINGLELINE
202                     || details.shouldCheckLastRcurly)
203                     && shouldBeAloneOnLineWithNotAloneOption(details, targetSrcLine);
204     }
205 
206     /**
207      * Whether right curly should be alone on line when ALONE option is used.
208      *
209      * @param details details for validation.
210      * @param targetSrcLine A string with contents of rcurly's line
211      * @return true, if right curly should be alone on line when ALONE option is used.
212      */
213     private static boolean shouldBeAloneOnLineWithAloneOption(Details details,
214                                                               String targetSrcLine) {
215         return !isAloneOnLine(details, targetSrcLine);
216     }
217 
218     /**
219      * Whether right curly should be alone on line when ALONE_OR_SINGLELINE or SAME option is used.
220      *
221      * @param details details for validation.
222      * @param targetSrcLine A string with contents of rcurly's line
223      * @return true, if right curly should be alone on line
224      *         when ALONE_OR_SINGLELINE or SAME option is used.
225      */
226     private static boolean shouldBeAloneOnLineWithNotAloneOption(Details details,
227                                                                  String targetSrcLine) {
228         return shouldBeAloneOnLineWithAloneOption(details, targetSrcLine)
229                 && !isBlockAloneOnSingleLine(details);
230     }
231 
232     /**
233      * Checks whether right curly is alone on a line.
234      *
235      * @param details for validation.
236      * @param targetSrcLine A string with contents of rcurly's line
237      * @return true if right curly is alone on a line.
238      */
239     private static boolean isAloneOnLine(Details details, String targetSrcLine) {
240         final DetailAST rcurly = details.rcurly();
241         final DetailAST nextToken = details.nextToken();
242         return (nextToken == null || !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(rcurly, nextToken)
243             || skipDoubleBraceInstInit(details))
244             && CommonUtil.hasWhitespaceBefore(details.rcurly().getColumnNo(),
245                targetSrcLine);
246     }
247 
248     /**
249      * This method determines if the double brace initialization should be skipped over by the
250      * check. Double brace initializations are treated differently. The corresponding inner
251      * rcurly is treated as if it was alone on line even when it may be followed by another
252      * rcurly and a semi, raising no violations.
253      * <i>Please do note though that the line should not contain anything other than the following
254      * right curly and the semi following it or else violations will be raised.</i>
255      * Only the kind of double brace initializations shown in the following example code will be
256      * skipped over:<br>
257      * <pre>
258      *     {@code Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>() {{
259      *           put("alpha", "man");
260      *       }}; // no violation}
261      * </pre>
262      *
263      * @param details {@link Details} object containing the details relevant to the rcurly
264      * @return if the double brace initialization rcurly should be skipped over by the check
265      */
266     private static boolean skipDoubleBraceInstInit(Details details) {
267         boolean skipDoubleBraceInstInit = false;
268         final DetailAST tokenAfterNextToken = Details.getNextToken(details.nextToken());
269         if (tokenAfterNextToken != null) {
270             final DetailAST rcurly = details.rcurly();
271             skipDoubleBraceInstInit = rcurly.getParent().getParent()
272                     .getType() == TokenTypes.INSTANCE_INIT
273                     && details.nextToken().getType() == TokenTypes.RCURLY
274                     && !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(rcurly, Details.getNextToken(tokenAfterNextToken));
275         }
276         return skipDoubleBraceInstInit;
277     }
278 
279     /**
280      * Checks whether block has a single-line format and is alone on a line.
281      *
282      * @param details for validation.
283      * @return true if block has single-line format and is alone on a line.
284      */
285     private static boolean isBlockAloneOnSingleLine(Details details) {
286         DetailAST nextToken = details.nextToken();
287 
288         while (nextToken != null && nextToken.getType() == TokenTypes.LITERAL_ELSE) {
289             nextToken = Details.getNextToken(nextToken);
290         }
291 
292         // sibling tokens should be allowed on a single line
293         final int[] tokensWithBlockSibling = {
294             TokenTypes.DO_WHILE,
295             TokenTypes.LITERAL_FINALLY,
296             TokenTypes.LITERAL_CATCH,
297         };
298 
299         if (TokenUtil.isOfType(nextToken, tokensWithBlockSibling)) {
300             final DetailAST parent = nextToken.getParent();
301             nextToken = Details.getNextToken(parent);
302         }
303 
304         return TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(details.lcurly(), details.rcurly())
305             && (nextToken == null || !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(details.rcurly(), nextToken)
306                 || isRightcurlyFollowedBySemicolon(details));
307     }
308 
309     /**
310      * Checks whether the right curly is followed by a semicolon.
311      *
312      * @param details details for validation.
313      * @return true if the right curly is followed by a semicolon.
314      */
315     private static boolean isRightcurlyFollowedBySemicolon(Details details) {
316         return details.nextToken().getType() == TokenTypes.SEMI;
317     }
318 
319     /**
320      * Checks if right curly has line break before.
321      *
322      * @param rightCurly right curly token.
323      * @return true, if right curly has line break before.
324      */
325     private static boolean hasLineBreakBefore(DetailAST rightCurly) {
326         DetailAST previousToken = rightCurly.getPreviousSibling();
327         if (previousToken == null) {
328             previousToken = rightCurly.getParent();
329         }
330         return !TokenUtil.areOnSameLine(rightCurly, previousToken);
331     }
332 
333     /**
334      * Structure that contains all details for validation.
335      *
336      * @param lcurly                the left curly token being analysed
337      * @param rcurly                the matching right curly token
338      * @param nextToken             the token following the right curly
339      * @param shouldCheckLastRcurly flag that indicates if the last right curly should be checked
340      */
341     private record Details(DetailAST lcurly, DetailAST rcurly,
342                            DetailAST nextToken, boolean shouldCheckLastRcurly) {
343 
344         /**
345          * Token types that identify tokens that will never have SLIST in their AST.
346          */
347         private static final int[] TOKENS_WITH_NO_CHILD_SLIST = {
348             TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF,
349             TokenTypes.ENUM_DEF,
350             TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_DEF,
351             TokenTypes.INTERFACE_DEF,
352             TokenTypes.RECORD_DEF,
353         };
354 
355         /**
356          * Collects validation Details.
357          *
358          * @param ast a {@code DetailAST} value
359          * @return object containing all details to make a validation
360          */
361         private static Details getDetails(DetailAST ast) {
362             return switch (ast.getType()) {
363                 case TokenTypes.LITERAL_TRY, TokenTypes.LITERAL_CATCH -> getDetailsForTryCatch(ast);
364                 case TokenTypes.LITERAL_IF -> getDetailsForIf(ast);
365                 case TokenTypes.LITERAL_DO -> getDetailsForDoLoops(ast);
366                 case TokenTypes.LITERAL_SWITCH -> getDetailsForSwitch(ast);
367                 case TokenTypes.LITERAL_CASE -> getDetailsForCase(ast);
368                 default -> getDetailsForOthers(ast);
369             };
370         }
371 
372         /**
373          * Collects details about switch statements and expressions.
374          *
375          * @param switchNode switch statement or expression to gather details about
376          * @return new Details about given switch statement or expression
377          */
378         private static Details getDetailsForSwitch(DetailAST switchNode) {
379             final DetailAST lcurly = switchNode.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.LCURLY);
380             final DetailAST rcurly;
381             DetailAST nextToken = null;
382             // skipping switch expression as check only handles statements
383             if (isSwitchExpression(switchNode)) {
384                 rcurly = null;
385             }
386             else {
387                 rcurly = switchNode.getLastChild();
388                 nextToken = getNextToken(switchNode);
389             }
390             return new Details(lcurly, rcurly, nextToken, true);
391         }
392 
393         /**
394          * Collects details about case statements.
395          *
396          * @param caseNode case statement to gather details about
397          * @return new Details about given case statement
398          */
399         private static Details getDetailsForCase(DetailAST caseNode) {
400             final DetailAST caseParent = caseNode.getParent();
401             final int parentType = caseParent.getType();
402             final Optional<DetailAST> lcurly;
403             final DetailAST statementList;
404 
405             if (parentType == TokenTypes.SWITCH_RULE) {
406                 statementList = caseParent.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.SLIST);
407                 lcurly = Optional.ofNullable(statementList);
408             }
409             else {
410                 statementList = caseNode.getNextSibling();
411                 lcurly = Optional.ofNullable(statementList)
412                          .map(DetailAST::getFirstChild)
413                          .filter(node -> node.getType() == TokenTypes.SLIST);
414             }
415             final DetailAST rcurly = lcurly.map(DetailAST::getLastChild)
416                     .filter(child -> !isSwitchExpression(caseParent))
417                     .orElse(null);
418             final Optional<DetailAST> nextToken =
419                     Optional.ofNullable(lcurly.map(DetailAST::getNextSibling)
420                     .orElseGet(() -> getNextToken(caseParent)));
421 
422             return new Details(lcurly.orElse(null), rcurly, nextToken.orElse(null), true);
423         }
424 
425         /**
426          * Check whether switch is expression or not.
427          *
428          * @param switchNode switch statement or expression to provide detail
429          * @return true if it is a switch expression
430          */
431         private static boolean isSwitchExpression(DetailAST switchNode) {
432             DetailAST currentNode = switchNode;
433             boolean ans = false;
434 
435             while (currentNode != null) {
436                 if (currentNode.getType() == TokenTypes.EXPR) {
437                     ans = true;
438                 }
439                 currentNode = currentNode.getParent();
440             }
441             return ans;
442         }
443 
444         /**
445          * Collects validation details for LITERAL_TRY, and LITERAL_CATCH.
446          *
447          * @param ast a {@code DetailAST} value
448          * @return object containing all details to make a validation
449          */
450         private static Details getDetailsForTryCatch(DetailAST ast) {
451             final DetailAST lcurly;
452             DetailAST nextToken;
453             final int tokenType = ast.getType();
454             if (tokenType == TokenTypes.LITERAL_TRY) {
455                 if (ast.getFirstChild().getType() == TokenTypes.RESOURCE_SPECIFICATION) {
456                     lcurly = ast.getFirstChild().getNextSibling();
457                 }
458                 else {
459                     lcurly = ast.getFirstChild();
460                 }
461                 nextToken = lcurly.getNextSibling();
462             }
463             else {
464                 nextToken = ast.getNextSibling();
465                 lcurly = ast.getLastChild();
466             }
467 
468             final boolean shouldCheckLastRcurly;
469             if (nextToken == null) {
470                 shouldCheckLastRcurly = true;
471                 nextToken = getNextToken(ast);
472             }
473             else {
474                 shouldCheckLastRcurly = false;
475             }
476 
477             final DetailAST rcurly = lcurly.getLastChild();
478             return new Details(lcurly, rcurly, nextToken, shouldCheckLastRcurly);
479         }
480 
481         /**
482          * Collects validation details for LITERAL_IF.
483          *
484          * @param ast a {@code DetailAST} value
485          * @return object containing all details to make a validation
486          */
487         private static Details getDetailsForIf(DetailAST ast) {
488             final boolean shouldCheckLastRcurly;
489             final DetailAST lcurly;
490             DetailAST nextToken = ast.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.LITERAL_ELSE);
491 
492             if (nextToken == null) {
493                 shouldCheckLastRcurly = true;
494                 nextToken = getNextToken(ast);
495                 lcurly = ast.getLastChild();
496             }
497             else {
498                 shouldCheckLastRcurly = false;
499                 lcurly = nextToken.getPreviousSibling();
500             }
501 
502             DetailAST rcurly = null;
503             if (lcurly.getType() == TokenTypes.SLIST) {
504                 rcurly = lcurly.getLastChild();
505             }
506             return new Details(lcurly, rcurly, nextToken, shouldCheckLastRcurly);
507         }
508 
509         /**
510          * Collects validation details for CLASS_DEF, RECORD_DEF, METHOD DEF, CTOR_DEF, STATIC_INIT,
511          * INSTANCE_INIT, ANNOTATION_DEF, ENUM_DEF, and COMPACT_CTOR_DEF.
512          *
513          * @param ast a {@code DetailAST} value
514          * @return an object containing all details to make a validation
515          */
516         private static Details getDetailsForOthers(DetailAST ast) {
517             DetailAST rcurly = null;
518             final DetailAST lcurly;
519             final int tokenType = ast.getType();
520             if (isTokenWithNoChildSlist(tokenType)) {
521                 final DetailAST child = ast.getLastChild();
522                 lcurly = child;
523                 rcurly = child.getLastChild();
524             }
525             else {
526                 lcurly = ast.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.SLIST);
527                 if (lcurly != null) {
528                     // SLIST could be absent if method is abstract
529                     rcurly = lcurly.getLastChild();
530                 }
531             }
532             return new Details(lcurly, rcurly, getNextToken(ast), true);
533         }
534 
535         /**
536          * Tests whether the provided tokenType will never have a SLIST as child in its AST.
537          * Like CLASS_DEF, ANNOTATION_DEF etc.
538          *
539          * @param tokenType the tokenType to test against.
540          * @return weather provided tokenType is definition token.
541          */
542         private static boolean isTokenWithNoChildSlist(int tokenType) {
543             return Arrays.stream(TOKENS_WITH_NO_CHILD_SLIST).anyMatch(token -> token == tokenType);
544         }
545 
546         /**
547          * Collects validation details for LITERAL_DO loops' tokens.
548          *
549          * @param ast a {@code DetailAST} value
550          * @return an object containing all details to make a validation
551          */
552         private static Details getDetailsForDoLoops(DetailAST ast) {
553             final DetailAST lcurly = ast.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.SLIST);
554             final DetailAST nextToken = ast.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.DO_WHILE);
555             DetailAST rcurly = null;
556             if (lcurly != null) {
557                 rcurly = lcurly.getLastChild();
558             }
559             return new Details(lcurly, rcurly, nextToken, false);
560         }
561 
562         /**
563          * Finds next token after the given one.
564          *
565          * @param ast the given node.
566          * @return the token which represents next lexical item.
567          */
568         private static DetailAST getNextToken(DetailAST ast) {
569             DetailAST next = null;
570             DetailAST parent = ast;
571             while (next == null && parent != null) {
572                 next = parent.getNextSibling();
573                 parent = parent.getParent();
574             }
575             return next;
576         }
577     }
578 }